are you saying that technically much of Einstein work diffusion is owned by particular journals. if so how does any would be mathematician study Einstein and surely correct application of maths equations takes priority

Short answerNo, the core scientific content of Einstein’s papers (the ideas, equations, proofs, and physical theories themselves) has never been owned or restricted by the journals or anyone else.
What the journals (and later the Einstein estate) owned was only the specific wording and typesetting of the original articles — the exact literary expression, not the mathematics or physics.Here is the practical breakdown that every working physicist and mathematician has relied on for the last 120 years:

What is/was protected	Who owned it	What you are 100% allowed to do (even today in the UK/EU)
The underlying ideas, equations (E = mc², the field equations, etc.), derivations, and physical theories	Never copyrighted — ideas are not protected by copyright in any country	Copy, teach, quote, reuse, build on, publish new papers citing them, put them on blackboards, Wikipedia, textbooks, etc.
Einstein’s original German (or English) sentences and paragraphs as literary works	Einstein → Hebrew University of Jerusalem (his literary estate) until 31 Dec 2025	You can quote fair excerpts under “fair dealing” (UK) or “fair use” (US), but you cannot reprint the entire 1905 paper verbatim in a new book without permission until 2026
The exact typographical layout of the 1905–1955 journal articles (the “typographical arrangement”)	The journals (Annalen der Physik, Physical Review, etc.) — expired decades ago (25 years in the UK)	Already completely free for ~100 years; anyone can photocopy or scan the original journal pages legally

How real mathematicians and physicists have always studied Einstein

• They read the original papers (libraries and arXiv-like reprints have always been available).
• They rewrite everything in their own words and notation.
• They copy the equations directly — equations are not copyrightable.
• They cite the original paper, but they never need permission to re-derive or re-explain the mathematics.

This is exactly why tens of thousands of textbooks, lecture notes, and research articles contain Einstein’s field equations or the 1905 derivation of E = mc² word-for-word and symbol-for-symbol without ever asking the Hebrew University or the journals for permission. Copyright has never been a practical barrier to studying or extending Einstein’s work.After 1 January 2026Even the thin remaining literary copyright (the exact original prose) expires in life+70 countries. At that point you can legally republish the 1905 paper exactly as it appeared in Annalen der Physik, translate it into new languages without permission, turn it into a comic book, etc. But for serious mathematical or physical study, that final step has never mattered.Bottom line
The mathematics, the physics, and the correct application of the equations have been completely free for everyone on Earth since the day Einstein published them. Only the exact original literary form was restricted — and even that restriction never stopped any real scientific progress.