errors mine alone chris.macrae@yahoo.co.uk Statistician DAMTP Cambridge, residing Bethesda, MD: AT CU.com please find my attempt to celebrate my greatest personal privilege: to visit women empowered Bangladesh 15 times from 2007 during last 13 years of life of Fazle Abed. From 2012 we discussed AbedMOOC and 2015 onwards at his 80th birthday AbedAI. Back in 2001, Abed 65th birthday hosted by Steve Jobs in Silicon Valley changed both of these human genii's life work. Even today I dont spend time exploring America AI with any engineers or practitioners of health or education, food or safety or finance, who dont want to know what they (we humans all) owe to Steve J. By 2003 Jobs' pixar, Nvidia, and Hopkins radiologists started replacing coding of binary by coding of pixels - welcome to AI century 2]
2026:Christmas comes early to Ai Youth - Nvidia GTC-DC Nov 30 to Dec 2
Pretraining proposal Gemini (model UYKB: Layer 6 AI+Media)
7-Layer Intelligence Discourse GTC D.C. adds 2 layers to Jensen 5-layer AI Cake!
Because the D.C. summit sits in the heart of the nation’s capital at the Ronald Reagan Building, Jensen Huang’s team is prepping a narrative explicitly tailored to reindustrialization, national security, and state-backed compute. [1, 2]
  • Layer 1 (Nature's Energy) & Layer 2 (Machine Brainpower): The central conversation focuses on the Vertically Integrated Sovereign AI Factory. Nvidia will address the West's current power grid constraints, pushing for multi-gigawatt computing nodes tied directly to protected modular nuclear baseloads or sovereign energy fields to fuel the upcoming Vera Rubin chip architecture deployment. [1]
  • Layer 3 (Sovereign Data Infrastructure): This is the crown jewel of the D.C. agenda. Nvidia is moving rapidly away from selling chips solely to hyper-scalers (like Microsoft or Amazon) to marketing Layer 3 "Sovereign AI" packages directly to federal agencies, the Department of Defense, and international allies. The talk centers on how nations can utilize Nvidia hardware to train national models on state-owned text, military telemetry, and geographic data without leaking information to corporate data monopolies. [1]
  • Layer 5 (Civic Applications) & Layer 7 (The Deterministic Truth Layer): The D.C. floor will showcase heavy-industry integrations. A major thread is how federal systems can use AI Digital Twins and Quantum-resistant encryption to safeguard public infrastructure against adversarial cyber warfare. By pairing generative logic with hardcoded physics modeling, Nvidia wants to show the Pentagon that its models can function as an un-hallucinated layer of deterministic truth. [1, 2, 3]
The Direct Line: Berlin Crisis (October) to Washington D.C. (December)
The D.C. summit will act as the direct remedy and strategic response to the systemic frictions exposed weeks prior at the Berlin GTC. The two events are deeply intertwined across the 7 layers: [1]
[ GTC BERLIN • OCTOBER 2026 ]                     [ GTC WASHINGTON D.C. • DEC 2026 ]
       "The Crisis Echo"                                 "The Sovereign Fix"

               |                                                  |
• Severe European Layer 1 energy shortages.      • Unveiling federal multi-gigawatt grids.
• Layer 3 splintering (EU Data Act friction).    • Hardcoded Layer 3 Allied AI networks.
• Debate over relying on U.S. cloud giants.     • Bypassing public clouds via local edge nodes.
  1. The Energy Realignment (Layer 1): In Berlin, Jensen Huang will confront the grim reality of Europe’s highly fragmented, expensive, and legally constrained green grids. The "Berlin Crisis" refers to the continent's inability to spin up gigawatt-scale data factories fast enough to match the U.S. or China. When Huang lands in D.C., he will use the European shortfall to pressure Congress to fast-track defense-grade energy allocations for American compute clusters. [1, 2]
  2. The Sovereignty Conflict (Layer 3 & 4): Berlin will highlight severe regulatory friction over European data sovereignty and the EU Data Act. European public broadcasters and governments are terrified of routing their localized data through American corporate monopolies. Washington GTC will capitalize on this by formalizing a blueprint for "Allied AI" networks—demonstrating how Europe and the U.S. can exchange open-weight models securely across borders while maintaining local, sovereign hardware boundaries. [1]
  3. The Physical AI Transition (Layer 5): While Berlin will focus heavily on Germany’s specialized precision engineering and factory-floor robotics, the D.C. summit will elevate those industrial applications to a geopolitical scale. The discussions in Washington will center on deploying those exact autonomous robotics playbooks into automated naval shipyards, military logistics pipelines, and aerospace satellite defense systems. [1, 2, 3, 4]
Would you like to drill down into the specific Department of Defense T4NG contract vehicles Nvidia partners are mobilizing for the D.C. event, or examine the open-weight software microservices (NIMs) being deployed to appease European sovereignty regulations in Berlin? [1, 2, 3]



Before AI lifted off in late 2000s 3 underacknowlefgen Happenings: 1 steve jobs hosted Fazle Abed's 65 th birthday party silicon valley 2001; .jensen hunag and steve jobs went from coding binary to cosinf pixels; Fazle abed clarified that paulo freire culture celebrated poorest asian womens ebd poverty networking miracle -- largest NGO, providing education, health services, microcredit and livelihood creation programmes for a significant part of the population of Bangladesh. What lies behind this huge success, Caroline Hartnell asked Fazle Abed, founder of BRAC and still very much at the helm. Questioning everything they do and being prepared to tackle whatever is needed to make their programmes successful are certainly part of the secret behind the success of this extraordinarily entrepreneurial organization. The secret of success? Asked what lies behind BRAC’s phenomenal success, the first thing Fazle Abed mentions is determination: ‘We were determined to bring about changes in the lives of poor people.’ The second thing is thinking in national terms: ‘We always had a national goal; we never thought in terms of working in a small area. We thought, all right, if we work with the poorest people in this community, who’s going to work with the poorest people in that other community? So we felt that whatever we do, we should try and replicate it throughout the nation if we can.’ The third thing he mentions is inspiration. ‘We always thought nationally, worked locally, and looked for inspiration globally. We were inspired by Paolo Freire’s work on the pedagogy of the oppressed, which he came out with in 1972. It was wonderful to have a thinker who was thinking about poor people and how they can become actors in history and not just passive recipients of other people’s aid. He made us realize that poor people are human beings and can do things for themselves, and it’s our duty to empower them so they can analyse their own situation, see how exploitation works in society, and see what they need to do to escape these exploitative processes.’ Finally, he says, ‘one needs to have not only ambition but also the ability to do the work. The organization must be competent to take on national tasks. That confidence we got from the campaign for oral rehydration, to cut down diarrhoeal mortality, in the 1980s. That involved going to every household in rural Bangladesh, 13 million households, and it took ten years to do it. Then we became a little more ambitious. We thought that if we can go to every household, then we can cover the whole country with everything we do.
..
NB any errors below are mine alone chris.macrae@yahoo.co.uk but mathematically we are in a time when order of magnitude ignorance can sink any nation however big. Pretrain to question everything as earth's data is reality's judge
Its time to stop blaming 2/3 of humans who are Asian for their consciously open minds and love of education.

Friday, April 5, 2019

cholera in bangladesh ne east pakistan around 1971 3.1

in 1971 bangladesh was one of the world epicentres of cholera; while colonised by east pakistan our understanding is there was under-investment in graduate research and medical knowhow of and by the youthful peoples of the bay of bengal- however there was the exception of the world renowned cholera lab - here is a search of publications going back to that time which also became now/where the miraculous discovery of oral rehydration emerged

Cholera vaccine field trials in East Pakistan - NCBI

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › articles › PMC2554494
by AS Benenson1968Cited by 102 — A cholera-vaccine field trial in a rural area of East Pakistan where cholera is highly endemic has indicated that a high-potency whole-cell vaccine can ...

EPIDEMIOLOGIC ANALYSIS OF ENDEMIC CHOLERA IN ...

https://academic.oup.com › aje › article
by AR MARTIN1969Cited by 60 — From the Pakistan-SEATO Cholera Research Laboratory, Mohakali, Dacca-12, East Pakistan. Requests for reprints should be addressed to Dr. Martin at the Pakistan- ...

The 1968-1969 Cholera-Vaccine Field Trial in Rural ... - jstor

https://www.jstor.org › stable
by WH Mosley1970Cited by 95 — Health, Bethesda, Maryland, and the Pakistan-SEATO. Cholera Research Laboratory, Dacca, East Pakistan. protection tests utilizing minimal amounts of.

THE POLITICS OF CHOLERA RESEARCH IN BANGLADESH by

http://summit.sfu.ca › files › iritems1 › etd2971
by SG Kamal2007Cited by 1 — Pakistan SEATO Cholera Research Laboratory. Rural Development Program. SIDA's Department for Research and Cooperation. South East Asia Treaty Organization.
163 pages

ISOLATION OF VIBRIO CHOLERAE (EL TOR AND ...

https://www.sciencedirect.com › science › article › pii › pdf
by EJ Gangarosa1968Cited by 36 — Pakistan-SEA TO Cholera Research Laboratory (P-SCRL), Dacca, East Pakistan ... located in capital cities. ... cholera outbreak in East Pakistan in 1966.

Wastewater based environmental surveillance of toxigenic ...

https://journals.plos.org › plosone › article › journal.po...
by T Zohra2021 — (2021) Wastewater based environmental surveillance of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae in Pakistan. PLoS ONE 16(9): e0257414.

Cholera in East Pakistan Families, 1962-63* - WHO | World ...

http://apps.who.int › iris › handle › PMC2555211
PAKISTAN-SEATO CHOLERA RESEARCH LABORATORY 1 ... of cholera patients in the Dacca District of East ... Families located within a 10-mile (16-km) radius.

laboratory assays of cholera vaccine used in field trial in east ...

https://www.thelancet.com › lancet › article › fulltext
by JC Feeley1965Cited by 16 — LABORATORY ASSAYS OF CHOLERA VACCINE USED IN FIELD TRIAL IN EAST PAKISTAN, 1963 · JohnC. Feeley, Ph.D. California. JohnC. Feeley. Affiliations · Margaret Pittman, ...

Report of the 1966-67 cholera vaccine trial

http://bvsper.paho.org › colera › WHMosley2
by WH MOSLEY1972Cited by 45 — A controlledcholera vaccinefield trial was carried out in rural East ... Pakistan-SEATO Cholera Research Laboratory), Dacca, ... located field hospital.

Cholera: Clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention

https://www.uptodate.com › contents › print
Dec 2, 2020 — Laboratory testing of cholera patients may reveal hypokalemia, ... R. A serological survey for cholear antibodies in rural east Pakistan. 1.

Genomic Epidemiology of Vibrio cholerae O1 Associated with ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov › eid › article › 13-0428_article
by MA ShahCited by 51 — We found at least 2 sources of cholera in Pakistan during the 2010 ... Organization (WHO) reported 164 laboratory-confirmed cases with the ...

Isolation of Hemagglutinative Non-El Tor Cholera Vibrios

http://jb.asm.org › content › 910.full.pdf
Pakistan-SEATO Cholera Research Laboratory, Dacca, East Pakistan ... laboratory, all vibrio isolates which agglutinated in cholera antisera were screened by ...

Cholera vaccine field trials in East Pakistan - ResearchGate

https://www.researchgate.net › ... › Cholera Vaccines
PDF | A cholera-vaccine field trial in a rural area of East Pakistan where cholera is ... Pakistan-SEATO. Cholera. Research. Laboratory. Present. address:.

Uneasy politics of epidemic aid: the CDC's mission to Cold War East ...

https://www.universitypressscholarship.com › manchester
(p.20) Cholera and smallpox were endemic to both East and West Bengal. ... Active surveillance, in contrast, took place in real-time as an outbreak occurred ...

Oral or nasogastric maintenance therapy in pediatric cholera ...

https://www.jpeds.com › article › abstract
by DR Nalin1971Cited by 77 — 196802 between the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md., and the Pakistan-SEATO Cholera Research Laboratory, Dacca, East Pakistan.

greenough/bangladesh 9/15/2020 9:22 pm

https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org › _docs
Sep 15, 2020 — the Cholera Research lab and provided the foundation for the future ... (then East Pakistan) staff (all of them) initially set the standard ...

cholera | Cause, Symptoms, Treatment, & Prevention | Britannica

https://www.britannica.com › science › cholera
Cholera, an acute infection of the small intestine caused by the bacterium ... and O139 (sometimes called the Bengal serogroup)—are known to cause cholera.

Bacteriophages and the Fight Against Cholera in Cold War ...

https://www.sciencehistory.org › distillations › bacterio...
Oct 19, 2021 — In 1958, when an outbreak of cholera struck a city in a remote part of East Pakistan, the Soviets seized the opportunity to show the world that ...

Cholera outbreaks and pandemics - Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Cholera_outbreaks_an...
The seventh cholera pandemic began in Indonesia, called El Tor after the strain, and reached East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) in 1963, India in 1964, and the ...

The seventh pandemic of cholera in Europe revisited by ...

https://www.nature.com › nature communications › articles
by M Oprea2020Cited by 4 — Greater recurrence of the disease was observed in Eastern Europe, ... seven cholera cases in two villages of Zaragoza province, located on a ...

2019: The Frog Skin that Saved 50 Million Lives - The Golden ...

https://www.goldengooseaward.org › frog-skin-cholera
Sep 10, 2019 — In the 1960s, another cholera pandemic was emerging in Bangladesh when the ... at the Cholera Research Laboratory in Dhaka, East Pakistan, ...

The human, societal, and scientific legacy of cholera - The ...

https://www.jci.org › view › version › pdf › render
with advanced technologies at locations where specific health problems exist. ... Bangladesh (previously East Pakistan) ... the Cholera Research Laboratory.

Haiti: Towards the Elimination of Cholera - World Bank Group

https://www.worldbank.org › feature › 2021/04/07 › ha...
Apr 7, 2021 — Since February 2019, Haiti has not recorded any new laboratory-confirmed cases of cholera.

The discovery of cholera - like enterotoxins produced by Esc...

https://journals.lww.com › ijmr › Fulltext › The_discover...
by RB Sack2011Cited by 34 — Another strain, H1O4O7, first isolated in Bangladesh (then East Pakistan) in ... with a preparation of cholera toxin made by Wyeth Laboratories, and found ...

Cholera Research Laboratory and the Glocalization of Public ...

https://www.sum.uio.no › english › research › projects
Jun 25, 2019 — ... in the context of the Cholera Research Laboratory (International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh) in East Pakistan, ...

Demographic Studies in Rural East Pakistan - Wellcome ...

https://wellcomecollection.org › works
... AKM Alauddin Chowdhury, KMA Aziz, Shafiqul Islam, Md, Fahimuddin (Pakistan-SEATO Cholera Research Laboratory, Dacca, East Pakistan, June 1968)

Laboratory Assays of Cholera Vaccine used in Field Trial in ...

https://www.cabdirect.org › cabdirect › abstract
by JC Feeley1965Cited by 16 — The vaccine under test contained " classical" cholera vibrios of both ... Laboratory Assays of Cholera Vaccine used in Field Trial in East Pakistan, 1963.

Cholera ‒ Country Presentation Pakistan

https://www.fondation-merieux.org › 2017/01
Demographic survey of Pakistan ... Eastern Mediterranean Region by Country, 2011 - 2015 ... Improve Laboratory capacity to confirm cholera epidemics.

Early detection of cholera epidemics to support control in ...

https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com › articles
by R Ratnayake2020Cited by 2 — Cholera epidemics continue to challenge disease control, particularly in ... and laboratory confirmation, and we estimated epidemic sizes.

Origins of the current seventh cholera pandemic | PNAS

https://www.pnas.org › content
by D Hu2016Cited by 116 — Thus, we suggest that the pathway followed by the seventh pandemic lineage from Bengal to the Middle East and then Makassar is following a ...

scientific interest. Before the beginning of the present ...

http://journals.sagepub.com › doi › pdf
by TA Swartz1972Cited by 3 — 1970, but in 1971 the outbreak of cholera among the refugees from East Pakistan has created an ... Fig 2 shows the distribution in time and place.

Characteristics of the Serum Vibriocidal and Agglutinating ...

https://www.jimmunol.org › content
by A Ahmed1970Cited by 30 — Most residents of the endemic cholera area (East Pakistan) had high ... ↵2 The Pakistan-SEATO Cholera Research Laboratory is a part of the ...

Cholera – Epidemiology, Prevention and Control | IntechOpen

https://www.intechopen.com › books › cholera-epidemi...
by S Jahan2016Cited by 6 — The frequency, severity, and duration of cholera infection vary and keep on ... of microbiology laboratories capable of detecting V. cholerae O1 and O139 in ...

Science in the Time of Cholera - The Translational Scientist

https://thetranslationalscientist.com › Disease Area
As Haiti's cholera epidemic rages on, a new vaccine could help curb ... (then East Pakistan) and spent some time at the Cholera Research Laboratory in Dhaka ...

Vaccines for preventing cholera: killed whole cell or other subunit ...

https://www.nitag-resource.org › default › files
Individual trial descriptions by location. East Pakistan (later Bangladesh). Six quasi-randomized controlled trials were conducted in this re-.

Hearings, Reports and Prints of the House Committee on ...

https://books.google.com › books
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations · 1969 · ‎Finance, Public
The laboratory was located in this area because cholera is present at all times in East Pakistan and the neighboring Indian province of West Bengal .
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